Vedic astrology works with the Navagraha, the nine planetary influences: Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn, Rahu, and Ketu. Rahu and Ketu are the lunar nodes, not physical planets, but they are central to Vedic interpretation.
The Sun relates to vitality, confidence, authority, and purpose. The Moon reflects the mind, feelings, habits, and inner security. Mars brings initiative and courage. Mercury governs learning, language, analysis, and trade. Jupiter expands wisdom, faith, teaching, and opportunity. Venus relates to attraction, pleasure, art, agreements, and relationships. Saturn teaches patience, responsibility, limits, and endurance.
Rahu intensifies desire, experimentation, and worldly ambition; Ketu points toward release, inwardness, and unusual insight. No planet is simply good or bad. Its results depend on sign, house, dignity, aspects, timing, and the choices made by the person living the chart.